ShellLearning Linux Commands145Command NameActionArchiving and (Web server on xp) Compressing FilescompressCompresses files.
ShellLearning Linux Commands145Command NameActionArchiving and Compressing FilescompressCompresses files. cpioCopies files to and from an archive. gunzipDecompresses files compressed with GNU ZIP (gzip). gzipCompresses files using GNU ZIP. tarCreates an archive of files in one or more directories (originallymeant for archiving on tape). uncompressDecompresses files compressed with compress. Managing ProcessesbgRuns an interrupted process in the background. fgRuns a process in the foreground. freeDisplays the amount of free and used memory in the system. haltShuts down Linux and halts the computer. killSends a signal to a process (usually used to terminate aprocess). lddDisplays the shared libraries needed to run a program. niceRuns a process with lower priority (referred to as nicemode). psDisplays a list of currently running processes. printenvDisplays the current environment variables. pstreeSimilar to ps, but shows parent-child relationships clearly. rebootStops Linux and then restarts the computer. shutdownShuts down Linux. topDisplays a list of most processor- and memory-intensiveprocesses. unameDisplays information about the system and the Linux kernel. Managing UserschshChanges the shell (command interpreter). groupsPrints the list of groups that includes a specified user. idDisplays the user and group ID for a specified username. passwdChanges the password. suStarts a new shell as another user or root(when invokedwithout any argument). Managing the File SystemdfSummarizes free and available space in all mounted storagedevices. (continued)
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