ShellUsing the Bash Shell139Saving command output in a (Web hosting colocation)
ShellUsing the Bash Shell139Saving command output in a fileTo save the output of a command in a file, redirect the standard output to afile. For example, type cdto change to your home directory and then typethe following command: grep typedef /usr/include/* > typedef.outThis command searches through all files in the /usr/includedirectory for the occurrence of the text typedef and then saves the output in a filecalled typedef.out. The greater-than sign (>) redirects stdoutto a file. Thiscommand also illustrates another feature of Bash. When you use an asterisk(*), Bash replaces the asterisk with a list of all filenames in the specified direc- tory. Thus, /usr/include/*means all the files in the /usr/includedirectory. If you want to append a command s output to the end of an existing fileinstead of saving the output in a new file, use two greater-than signs (>>) likethis: command >> filenameSaving error messages in a fileSometimes you type a command and it generates a whole lot of error mes- sages that scroll by so fast you can t tell what s going on. One way to see allthe error messages is to save the error messages in a file so that you can seewhat the heck happened. You can do that by redirecting stderrto a file. For example, type the following command: find / -name COPYING -print 2> finderrThis command looks throughout the file system for files named COPYING, but saves all the error messages in the finderrfile. The number 2followedby the greater-than sign (2>) redirects stderrto a file. If you want to simply discard the error messages instead of saving them in afile, use /dev/nullas the filename, like this: find / -name COPYING -print 2> /dev/nullThat /dev/nullis a special file often called the bit bucketand sometimesglorified as the Great Bit Bucket in the Sky that simply discards whatever itreceives. So now you know what they mean when you hear phrases such as, Your mail probably ended up in the bit bucket.
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