Using the Bash Shell136To get to (Email web hosting) the first
Using the Bash Shell136To get to the first virtual console from the GNOME or KDE desktop, pressCtrl+Alt+F1. Press Ctrl+Alt+F2 for the second virtual console, and so on. Eachof these virtual consoles is a text screen where you can log in and type Linuxcommands to perform various tasks. When you re done, type exitto log out. You can use up to six virtual consoles. The seventh one is used for the GUIdesktop. To get back to the GUI desktop, press Ctrl+Alt+F7. Using the Bash ShellIf you ve used MS-DOS, you may be familiar with COMMAND.COM, the DOScommand interpreter. That program displays the infamous C:>prompt. In Windows, you can see this prompt if you open a command window. (Toopen a command window in Microsoft Windows, choose Start.Run, typecommandin the text box, and then click OK.) Fedora Core comes with a command interpreter that resembles COMMAND. COMin DOS, but can do a whole lot more. The Fedora Core command inter- preter is called a shell. The default shell in Fedora Core is Bash. When you open a terminal windowor log in at a text console, the Bash shell is what prompts you for commands. Then, when you type a command, the shell executes your command. By theway, just as there are multiple GUIs (GNOME or KDE) for Fedora Core, youhave the choice of shells besides Bash. For example, the C Shell is an alter- nate shell that some people prefer. You can easily change your default shellby typing the chshcommand. In addition to the standard Linux commands, Bash can execute any com- puter program. So you can type the name of an application (the name is usu- ally more cryptic than what you see in GNOME or KDE menus) at the shellprompt, and the shell starts that application. Learning the syntax of shell commandsBecause a shell interprets what you type, knowing how the shell processesthe text you enter is important. All shell commands have this general formatthat starts with a command followed by options (some commands have nooptions): command option1 option2 … optionNSuch a single on-screen line of command is commonly referred to as a com- mand line. On a command line, you enter a command, followed by zero ormore options (or arguments). These strings of options the command-lineoptions(or command-line arguments) modify the way the commandworks so you can get it to do specific tasks.
Visit our web design programs services for an affordable and reliable webhost to suit all your needs.